Pollination of hemiparasites (Loranthaceae) by spider hunters (Nectariniidae) in the canopy of a Bornean tropical rain forest

We observed pollination process of three hemiparasites, Loranthaceae, Amylotheca duthieana (King) Danser, Trithecanthera sparsa Barlow and T. xiphostachys Tiegh. Flowers of these three species were cylindrical with different corolla lengths. Flowers of A. duthieana, T. sparsa and T. xiphostachys were reddish orange, yellow, and pink in color, respectively. Flowers lacked odor, nectar guides, and landing places for visitors. Long-billed spider hunters (Arachnothera robusta) were main visitors to flowers of all three species, although little spider hunters (Arachnothera longirostra) foraged on A. duthieana and T. sparsa in much less frequency. Aggressive behavior of the long-billed spider hunter might have modified the other nectarivorous birds' foraging pattern. Long-billed spider hunters visited A. duthieana flowers only in the early morning, but visited T . sparsa flowers rather constantly from the morning to noon. Flowers of T. xiphostachys were visited by them at most only two times a day. Diurnal patterns of nectar production and nectar level in the corolla fit well to the above visit patterns to these three species. The utilization of pollinators by three species of mistletoes may be partitioned along a diurnal dimension.ArticleSelbyana. 18(1): 51-60(1997)journal articl

シカクホタルイの分類学的研究

Schoenoplectiella ×trapezoidea (Koidz.) J. Jung & H.K. Choi has been treated as a hybrid between S. hotarui (Ohwi) J. Jung & H.K. Choi and S. triangulata (Roxb.) J. Jung & H.K. Choi or S. juncoides (Roxb.) Lye and S. triangulata. However, we found two morphological types of S. ×trapezoidea in a population of Makinocho, Shiga Pref., Japan. One has slender trigonal to pentagonal culms, shorter spikelets, and high seed fertility (A-type), and the other has thicker irregularly rather sharp tetragonal to pentagonal culms, longer spikelets often twisted at the upper part, and low seed fertility (B-type). We carried out cytological, morphological and reproductive studies of both types of S. ×trapezoidea together with its presumed parent species, S. hotarui, S. juncoides and S. triangulata, from the populations and nearby fallow field. Chromosome number of S. hotarui, S. triangulata, and A-type with 2n = 42, B-type with 2n = 58 and S. juncoides with 2n = 74 were found. A-type is mainly growing between S. hotarui and S. triangulata in the population and showed intermediate morphology between them so, A-type is not inconsistent with a hybrid between S. hotarui and S. triangulate. A-type also showed lower pollen stainability and seed fertility than parental species, which might support the hybrid origin of A-type. Meanwhile, B-type (2n = 58) well showed intermediate chromosome number and morphology between S. trapezoidea (2n = 42) and S. juncoides (2n = 74). Moreover, as B type showed many monovalents and heteromorphic trivalents in meiosis configurations, low pollen stainability and seed fertility, it is highly possible that B-type is a hybrid between S. juncoides and S. triangulata. The examination of the type specimens showed that the name S. trapezoidea should be retained for ‘S. trapezoidea (A type)’, a hybrid ‘S. hotarui × S. triangulata’ although we could not clearly show that this plant is really a hybrid in the present study. For ‘S. trapezoidea (B type)’, we proposed a name Schoenoplectiella ×yashiroi J. Oda & Nagam., hybr. nov. for a hybrid S. juncoides × S. triangulata

Aporosa tetragona Tagane & V. S. Dang (Phyllanthaceae), a new species from Mt. Hon Ba, Vietnam

A new species, Aporosa tetragona Tagane & V. S. Dang, sp. nov., is described and illustrated from Mt. Hon Ba located in the Khanh Hoa Province, South Vietnam. This species is characterized by tetragonal pistillate flowers and fruits, which are clearly distinguishable from the other previously known species of the genus. The morphology and phylogeny based on rbcL and matK of this species indicated that the new species belongs to section Appendiculatae Pax & K. Hoffm

A new species of Eustigma (Hamamelidaceae) from Hon Ba Nature Reserve, Vietnam

A new species of Hamamelidaceae, Eustigma honbaense H.Toyama, Tagane & V.S.Dang, sp. nov., is described from Hon Ba Nature Reserve, Vietnam. This species is similar to Eustigma oblongifolium Gardner & Champ., but differs from it in having entire leaves, longer infructescences, capsules with a longer apical part and seeds with a larger hilum. A description, preliminary conservation assessment, illustration and photographs of the new species are provided, as well as an updated key to the genus Eustigma

Garcinia hopii (Clusiaceae), a new species from Bidoup Nui Ba National Park, southern Vietnam

A new species, Garcinia hopii H.Toyama & V.S.Dang is described from Bidoup Nui Ba National Park, southern Vietnam. This species is similar to Garcinia hendersoniana Whitmore but differs from that species in having larger leaves, clustered pistillate flowers, a greater number of sterile anthers and a larger stigma of young fruits. A description, preliminary conservation assessment, illustration, photographs and DNA barcodes of the new species are provided, as well as an updated key to Garcinia sect. Hebradendron in Indochina

芦生演習林産樹木の実生形態: 6. クスノキ科, クロタキカズラ科, クロウメモドキ科

[論文] Article

芦生演習林産樹木の実生形態: 7. ヤマグルマ科, フサザクラ科, カツラ科, トチノキ科, イイギリ科, ギブシ科

[論文] Articl

芦生演習林産樹木の実生形態: 5. ブドウ科, アワブキ科, ウリノキ科

[論文] Articl